Lavochkin

NPO Lavochkin (, OKB-301, also called Lavochkin Research and Production Association or shortly Lavochkin Association, LA) is a Russian aerospace company. It is a major player in the Russian space program, being the developer and manufacturer of the Fregat upper stage, as well as interplanetary probes such as Fobos-Grunt. As of 2015, it was headed by Sergei Lemeshevskii. On 10 August 2017 the Lavochkin Association's Board of Directors appointed Vladimir Kolmykov Director General of the enterprise.

Overview The company develops and manufactures spacecraft such as the Fregat rocket upper stages, satellites and interplanetary probes. It is a contractor for a number of military programs, such as the Oko early warning satellite, Prognoz and Araks programmes as well as the civilian program Kupon. One of the company's most notable projects was the participation in the failed Fobos-Grunt sample return mission. NPO Lavochkin has also developed the Elektro–L series of new-generation weather satellites, as well as the Navigator standardised satellite platform, which will serve as the basis for several future Russian satellites.

The company also produced civilian items in the 1970s and 80s, such as the Irbis brand of climbing and mountaineering gear (carabiners, ice screws etc.).

History The company was founded in 1937 as OKB-301, a Soviet aircraft design bureau (OKB). The head designer was , supported by and Semyon Lavochkin. In October 1945 Lavochkin was promoted for the head designer of the design bureau. The bureau gained distinction for its family of piston-engined fighter aircraft during World War II, and later shifted to missile and jet fighter designs. Following the death of the head designer, the OKB-301 succumbed to the growing power of Vladimir Chelomey and became OKB-52 Branch No. 3 on 18 December 1962. Later, it turned to work on interplanetary probe designs for Luna sample return program, the Lunokhod program, Vega program, Phobos program, etc. The former OKB-301 became named NPO Lavochkin.

In January 2012, officials of Lavochkin faced administrative punishment for not taking into account of designing the computer system after the crash of Russia's Mars moon spacecraft Fobos-Grunt.

Projects

Aircraft

LaGG-1 LaGG-3 Gu-82 K-37 Gu-1 La-5 La-7 "Fin" La-9 "Fritz" La-11 "Fang" La-15 "Fantail" La-17 La-120 La-126 La-130 La-132 La-134 La-138 La-140 La-150 La-152 La-154 La-156 La-160 La-168 La-174 La-176 La-180 La-190 La-200 La-250 Anakonda

Rockets and missiles S-25 Berkut (SA-1 "Guild") - surface-to-air missile S-75 Dvina (SA-2 "Guideline") - surface-to-air missile La-205 is V-300, a SAM for S-25 air defense system La-350 Burya - intercontinental cruise missile La-400 DAL - surface to air missile Fregat - upper stage

Spacecraft

Astron Elektro-L - satellite Elektro-L No.1 Elektro-L No.2 Fobos-Grunt - space probe Granat - satellite Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment - space probe Luna programme Luna 9 Luna 10 Luna 11 Luna 12 Luna 13 Luna 14 Luna 15 Luna 16 Luna 17 Luna 18 Luna 19 Luna 20 Luna 21 Luna 22 Luna 23 Luna 24 Luna 25 Luna E-8 No.201 Luna E-8-5 No.402 Luna E-8-5 No.405 Luna E-8-5M No.412 Lunokhod programme Lunokhod 1 Lunokhod 2 Mars program Mars 2M No.521 Mars 2M No.522 Mars 4 Mars 5 Mars 5M Mars 6 Mars 7 Mars-96 Oko - missile early warning satellite. US-K - satellite US-KMO - satellite US-KS - satellite Spektr-R - space radio telescope satellite, dedicated to very Long Baseline Interferometry Spektr-RG - space observatory satellite Venera program Venera 3 Venera 4 Venera 5 Venera 7 Venera 8 Venera 9 Kosmos 167 Vega program Vega 1 Vega 2

Future projects Luna-Glob Mars-Grunt - space probe

Designers and engineers Georgy Babakin Semyon Lavochkin Yuri Koptev, later director of Roscosmos, worked at Lavochkin from 1965

Awards

1944 — Order of Lenin: for the creation of new types of fighter aircraft during the Great Patriotic War (the OKB-21 team led by S. A. Lavochkin in Gorky). 1956 — Order of the Red Banner of Labour: for the successful completion of the government's task to create special equipment. 1971 — Order of the Red Banner of Labour: for the successful implementation of the five-year plan and the organization of production of new equipment.

Museum The S. A. Lavochkin NGO has its own museum. It was founded on June 25, 1965. Museum address: 24 Leningradskaya str., Khimki, Moscow region, 141400. The visit is only subject to prior requests.

Lavochkin

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