Peplonia is a group of plants in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1844.Decaisne, Joseph. 1844. Decaisne, Joseph Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 8: 545-546 in Latin The entire genus is endemic to Brazil.Forzza, R. C. 2010. Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010 . Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
Species Nine species are accepted: Peplonia adnata – Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Brazil Peplonia asteria (Vell.) Fontella & E.A. Schwarz - Brazil Peplonia axillaris (Vell.) Fontella & Rapini - Brazil Peplonia bradeana (Fontella & E.A. Schwarz) Fontella & Rapini - Espírito Santo Peplonia hatschbachii (Fontella & de Lamare) Fontella & Rapini - Paraná Peplonia hilariana E.Fourn. - Brazil Peplonia macrophylla (Malme) U.C.S.Silva & Rapini - Brazil (Bahia to Rio de Janeiro) Peplonia organensis (E.Fourn.) Fontella & Rapini - Brazil Peplonia riedelii (E.Fourn.) Fontella & Rapini - Rio de Janeiro
formerly included moved to Blepharodon Peplonia amazonica Benth., synonym of Blepharodon amazonicum (Benth.) Fontella & Marquete
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