Nemaha County, Kansas

Nemaha County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Kansas. Its county seat is Seneca. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 10,273. The county was named for the Nemaha River.

History

Early history

For many millennia the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France, but keeping title to about 7,500 square miles. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1855, Nemaha County was established.

The first railroad in Nemaha County was built in 1866.

On May 30, 1879, the "Irving, Kansas Tornado" passed through Nemaha county. This tornado measured F4 on the Fujita scale, and had a damage path wide and long. Eighteen people were killed and sixty were injured in this tornado.

Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (0.3%) is water.

Adjacent counties Richardson County, Nebraska (northeast) Brown County (east) Jackson County (southeast) Pottawatomie County (southwest) Marshall County (west) Pawnee County, Nebraska (northwest)

Demographics

Racial and ethnic composition +Nemaha County, Kansas – Racial and ethnic compositionRace / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)Pop 1980 Pop 1990Pop 2000Pop 2010 Pop 2020% 1980% 1990% 2000% 2010% 2020White alone (NH)11,10110,36510,4929,8439,62299.02%99.22%97.90%96.71%93.66%Black or African American alone (NH)33375151640.29%0.35%0.48%0.50%0.62%Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)16132442260.14%0.12%0.22%0.41%0.25%Asian alone (NH)23161115350.21%0.15%0.10%0.15%0.34%Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH)x included in the Asian category in the 1980 Censusx included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census647xx0.06%0.04%0.07%Other race alone (NH)5104100.04%0.01%0.00%0.04%0.10%Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)x not an option in the 1980 Censusx not an option in the 1990 Census5798243xx0.53%0.96%2.37%Hispanic or Latino (any race)3314761212660.29%0.13%0.71%1.19%2.59%Total11,21110,44610,71710,17810,273 100.00%100.00%100.00%100.00%100.00%

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 10,273. The median age was 40.4 years. 26.1% of residents were under the age of 18 and 21.0% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 103.3 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 100.3 males age 18 and over. 0.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 100.0% lived in rural areas.

The racial makeup of the county was 94.4% White, 0.6% Black or African American, 0.4% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.4% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 0.9% from some other race, and 3.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 2.6% of the population.

There were 4,040 households in the county, of which 30.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 19.7% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

There were 4,490 housing units, of which 10.0% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 77.8% were owner-occupied and 22.2% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.3% and the rental vacancy rate was 9.4%.

2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 10,717 people, 3,959 households, and 2,763 families residing in the county. The population density was . There were 4,340 housing units at an average density of .

The racial makeup of the county was 98.35% White, 0.49% Black or African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.17% from other races, and 0.60% from two or more races. 0.71% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 3,959 households, out of which 34.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.90% were married couples living together, 5.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.20% were non-families. 28.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.20.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 28.50% under the age of 18, 6.00% from 18 to 24, 24.10% from 25 to 44, 19.40% from 45 to 64, and 22.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 97.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $34,296, and the median income for a family was $41,838. Males had a median income of $28,879 versus $19,340 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,121. About 6.50% of families and 9.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.90% of those under age 18 and 8.50% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Presidential elections Nemaha County is strongly Republican. Lyndon Johnson is the only Democrat to have carried the county since 1936.

Laws Nemaha County was a prohibition, or "dry", county until the Kansas Constitution was amended in 1986 and voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with a 30% food sales requirement.

Education

Unified school districts Prairie Hills USD 113 Nemaha Central USD 115

School district office in neighboring county Onaga USD 322 Vermillion USD 380

Communities

List of townships / incorporated cities / unincorporated communities / extinct former communities within Nemaha County.

Cities ‡ means a community has portions in an adjacent county.

Bern Centralia Corning Goff Oneida Sabetha‡ Seneca (county seat) Wetmore

Unincorporated communities † means a community is designated a Census-Designated Place (CDP) by the United States Census Bureau.

Baileyville† Berwick Capioma Kelly† Neuchatel St. Benedict† Woodlawn

Townships Nemaha County is divided into twenty townships. The cities of Sabetha and Seneca are considered governmentally independent and are excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.

Sources: 2000 U.S. Gazetteer from the U.S. Census Bureau. Township FIPS Populationcenter Population Populationdensity/km2 (/sq mi) Land areakm2 (sq mi) Water areakm2 (sq mi) Water % Geographic coordinates Adams 00275 213 2 (6) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.03% Berwick 06375 391 4 (11) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.02% Capioma 10575 161 2 (4) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.03% Center 11900 200 2 (6) 94 (36) 0 (0) 0% Clear Creek 13775 123 1 (3) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0% Gilman 26275 223 2 (6) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.19% Grenada 27275 122 1 (3) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.06% Harrison 30375 399 4 (11) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.06% Home 32900 567 6 (16) 91 (35) 3 (1) 3.12% Illinois 33725 453 5 (13) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0% Marion 44775 457 5 (13) 94 (36) 0 (0) 0.02% Mitchell 47475 305 3 (9) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0% Nemaha 49625 184 2 (5) 92 (35) 0 (0) 0% Neuchatel 50050 117 1 (3) 94 (36) 0 (0) 0% Red Vermillion 58750 137 1 (4) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.02% Reilly 58900 153 2 (4) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.07% Richmond 59725 538 6 (16) 89 (34) 0 (0) 0% Rock Creek 60600 302 3 (9) 88 (34) 0 (0) 0.28% Washington 75675 465 5 (13) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.01% Wetmore 77575 503 5 (14) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.02%

Nemaha County, Kansas

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