The 22nd Army Corps, () was a tactical formation of the Imperial Russian Army based in the Grand Duchy of Finland before the beginning of the First World War. After seeing much service during the war, the corps was disbanded following the October Revolution.
Russian Empire In 1905, as part of the ongoing re-organisation of the Imperial Russian Army's higher-up fighting review, the 22nd Army Corps was formed with its headquarters in Helsingfors, today the Finnish capital of Helsinki. This new corps was known as the "Finnish/Finland Corps", as its troops were exclusively from the Grand Duchy of Finland, a sub-division of the Russian Empire. On formation, the new corps was assigned to the Saint Petersburg Military District, itself headquartered just over the border in the capital; Saint Petersburg.Official Russian Archives, КОРПУСА ПЕРИОДА ПЕРВОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ (2006). Russian State Military Historical Archive, Russian Federation. Retrieved 30 October 2020.22-й армейский корпус at History of the Russian Imperial Army, Retrieved 30 October 2020.
When the First World War began, the corps was placed under the command of the 9th Army and transferred from army to army while seeing action of the Eastern Front. In November 1917, just after the October Revolution, the corps joined the new Western Front.
In 1917, the corps transferred control to the new Russian Republic, and later that year after the October Revolution, was disbanded.
Composition
1914 The below organisation is that of the corps on formation:Cornish, pp. 12–14.
22nd Army Corps, HQ in Helsingfors 20th Finnish Dragoon Regiment Orenburg Cossack Division 22nd Mortar Artillery Division 22nd Sapper Battalion 1st Finnish Rifle Brigade, HQ in Helsingfors 1st Finnish Rifle Regiment 2nd Finnish Rifle Regiment 3rd Finnish Rifle Regiment 4th Finnish Rifle Regiment 2nd Finnish Rifle Brigade, HQ in Vyborg 5th Finnish Rifle Regiment 6th Finnish Rifle Regiment 7th Finnish Rifle Regiment 8th Finnish Rifle Regiment
1916 The structure of the corps after its 1916 reorganisation was:
22nd Army Corps 6th Ugletsky Orenburg Ataman Cossack Regiment 8th Orenburg Cossack Regiment 30th Separate Don Cossack Squadron 22nd Mortar Artillery Division 22nd Sapper Battalion 1st Finnish Infantry Division 1st Finnish Rifle Artillery Brigade 1st Brigade 1st Finnish Rifle Regiment 2nd Finnish Rifle Regiment 2nd Brigade 3rd Finnish Rifle Regiment 4th Finnish Rifle Regiment 2nd Finnish Infantry Division 3rd Finnish Rifle Artillery Brigade 1st Brigade 9th Finnish Rifle Regiment 10th Finnish Rifle Regiment 2nd Brigade 11th Finnish Rifle Regiment 12th Finnish Rifle Regiment
Commanders Divisional Commanders22-й армейский корпус at Офицеры русской императорской армии, Retrieved 30 October 2020.
1905—1905; Lieutenant General Ivan Makarovich Dzhambakurian-Orbeliani 1905—1906; LtGen Anton Egorovich Saltz 1906—1908; LtGen, later General of Cavalry Vladimir Alexandrovich Bekman 1908—1912; LtGen, later General of Infantry Peter Smitrievich Olkhovsky 1913—1917; LtGen, later General of Infantry Alexander Freidrikhovich Brinken 1917—1917; LtGen Nikolai Afruchev 1917—1917; LtGen Alexander Alekseevich Bezkrovny
Assignments Imperial Russian Army
Assignments of the corps during the First World War included;
1914—1914; 9th Army 1914—1915; 10th Army 1915—1915; 8th Army 1915—1915; 11th Army 1915—1917; 7th Army 1917—1917; Western Front
Footnotes