James Armstrong may refer to:
Law James Armstrong (Pennsylvania judge) (1794–1867), justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania James Sherrard Armstrong (1821–1888), Canadian lawyer and British colonial jurist James R. Armstrong (1876–1956), judge of the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals
Politics James Armstrong (North Carolina politician) (died 1794), American Revolutionary War officer and politician James Armstrong (Georgia politician) (1728–1800), Georgia politician and candidate in the United States presidential election of 1789 James Armstrong (Pennsylvania politician) (1748–1828), American Revolutionary War physician, United States congressman James Rogers Armstrong (1787–1873), manufacturer and political figure in Upper Canada James Armstrong (Texas politician) (1811–1879), member of the Second Texas Legislature James Dillon Armstrong (1821–1893), American lawyer, politician, and jurist from West Virginia James Armstrong (Ontario politician) (1830–1893), Canadian MP from Ontario James William Armstrong (1860–1928), Canadian politician from Manitoba
Sport James E. Armstrong (1877–1960), Canadian sports executive James Armstrong (footballer, born 1887) (1887–1915), Scottish footballer James Armstrong (footballer, born 1892) (1892–1966), English footballer James Armstrong (soccer, died 1952), American soccer player and coach, in the National Soccer Hall of Fame James Armstrong (soccer, born 1979), English-born soccer coach in the United States
Other fields James "Trooper" Armstrong (1736–1813), Irish-American soldier and pioneer James Francis Armstrong (1750–1816), American Revolutionary War chaplain, New Jersey Presbyterian James Armstrong (Unitarian minister) (1780–1839), Irish Unitarian minister James Armstrong (naval officer) (1794–1868), American naval officer in the Civil War James B. Armstrong (1824–1900), American businessman and Civil War officer James Isbell Armstrong (1919–2013), American academic, president of Middlebury College James Armstrong (engineer) (1926–2010), British structural engineer James Armstrong (musician) (born 1957), American blues guitarist and singer
See also Jim Armstrong (disambiguation), for those known as Jim or Jimmy Arthur James Armstrong (1924–2018), bishop of the United Methodist Church